Reference Library - aromotion.com

Understanding Osteoarthritis

Pain in osteoarthritis results from erosion of joint cartilage

Marshall Devor. (2024). Pain in osteoarthritis: Driven by intrinsic rather than extrinsic joint afferents and why this should impact treatment. Interventional Pain Medicine.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpm.2023.100381

Molecular mechanisms regarding osteoarthritis and pain

Andrew S. Lee, Lee, A. S., Michael B. Ellman, Ellman, M. B., Dongyao Yan, Yan, D., Jeffrey S. Kroin, Kroin, J. S., Brian J. Cole, Cole, B. J., André J. van Wijnen, van Wijnen, A. J., Van Wijnen, A. J., Hee Jeong Im, & Im, H. J. (2013). A current review of molecular mechanisms regarding osteoarthritis and pain. Gene, 527(2), 440–447.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.069

Synovial inflammation contributes to osteoarthritis progression

Sanchez-Lopez, E., Coras, R., Torres, A., Lane, N. E., & Guma, M. (2022). Synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis progression. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 18(5), Article 5.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-022-00749-9

Synovial Macrophages regulate the progression of osteoarthritis

Haiyan Zhang, Zhang, H., Daozhang Cai, Cai, D., Xiaochun Bai, & Bai, X. (2020). Macrophages regulate the progression of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 28(5), 555–561.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2020.01.007

Cartilage Can Heal

Mechanism on the repair of articular cartilage

Issei Ishii, Ishii, I., Hiroshi Mizuta, Mizuta, H., Mizuta, H., Akira Sei, Sei, A., Jun Hirose, Hirose, J., Satoshi Kudo, Kudo, S., Yuji Hiraki, & Hiraki, Y. (2007). Healing of full-thickness defects of the articular cartilage in rabbits using fibroblast growth factor-2 and a fibrin sealant. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-British Volume, 89(5), 693–700.

https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.89b5.18450

Micro-fragmented adipose tissue for treatment of knee osteoarthritis

Jennifer R. Arthurs, Arthurs, J. R., Catherine Desmond, Desmond, C. M., Sarvam P. TerKonda, TerKonda, S. P., Shane A. Shapiro, & Shapiro, S. A. (2018). Micro-fragmented adipose tissue for treatment of knee osteoarthritis with Baker’s cyst: A case study. Case Reports, 2018, 224426.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-224426

Science of Articular Cartilage

Allison M. Fox, Fox, A. J. S., Asheesh Bedi, Bedi, A., Scott A. Rodeo, & Rodeo, S. A. (2009). The basic science of articular cartilage: Structure, composition, and function. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 1(6), 461–468.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738109350438

Radiofrequency Ablasion

Radiofrequency treatment relieves chronic knee osteoarthritis pain: A double-blind randomized controlled trial

Choi, W.-J., Hwang, S.-J., Song, J.-G., Leem, J.-G., Kang, Y.-U., Park, P.-H., & Shin, J.-W. (2011). Radiofrequency treatment relieves chronic knee osteoarthritis pain: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. PAIN®, 152(3), 481–487.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.029

radiofrequency of genicular nerves is a safe and significantly alleviates pain and disability in patients with severe degenerative disease

Erdem, Y., & Sir, E. (2019). The Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Pulsed Radiofrequency of Genicular Nerves in the Treatment of Chronic Knee Pain Due to Severe Degenerative Disease or Previous Total Knee Arthroplasty. Medical Science Monitor, 25, 1857–1863.

https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.915359

RFA provided sustained pain relief, improved function, and perceived positive effect through 24 months for subjects with OA knee pain with no safety concerns identified.

Hunter, C. W., Davis, T. R. C., Loudermilk, E., Kapural, L., DePalma, M. J., & DePalma, M. (2020). Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation Treatment of the Genicular Nerves in the Treatment of Osteoarthritic Knee Pain: 18- and 24-Month Results. Pain Practice, 20(3), 238–246.

https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12844

Orthobiologics

Clinical results of treatment with adipose-derived stem cells for knee osteoarthritis

Yong‐Gon Koh, Koh, Y.-G., Yeonho Choi, Choi, Y.-J., Sae-Kwang Kwon, Sk, K., Yong‐Sang Kim, Kim, Y. S., Jee-Eun Yeo, & Yeo, J.-E. (2015). Clinical results and second-look arthroscopic findings after treatment with adipose-derived stem cells for knee osteoarthritis. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 23(5), 1308–1316.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2807-2

Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis With Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Orozco, L., Munar, A., Soler, R., Alberca, M., Soler, F., Huguet, M., Sentís, J., Sánchez, A., Sánchez, A., & García-Sancho, J. (2014). Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with autologous mesenchymal stem cells: Two-year follow-up results. Transplantation, 97(11).

https://doi.org/10.1097/tp.0000000000000167

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study: Intra-Articular Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to the Knee

C. Thomas, Vangsness, C. T., Farr, J., Vangsness Jr, Farr, J., Boyd, J. L., Dellaero, D. T., David T. Dellaero, Mills, C. R., C. Randal Mills, LeRoux-Williams, M., & Bloomington Minnesota. (2014). Adult human mesenchymal stem cells delivered via intra-articular injection to the knee following partial medial meniscectomy: A randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, American Volume, 96(2), 90–98.

https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.m.00058

Persistant Pain After Replacement

patients report long-term pain after total hip or knee replacement

Beswick, A. D., Wylde, V., Gooberman-Hill, R., Blom, A., & Dieppe, P. (2012). What proportion of patients report long-term pain after total hip or knee replacement for osteoarthritis? A systematic review of prospective studies in unselected patients. BMJ Open, 2(1), e000435.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000435

Up To A Third Of Knee Replacements Pack Pain And Regret

Szabo, L. (2018, December 25). Up To A Third Of Knee Replacements Pack Pain And Regret. KFF Health News.

https://kffhealthnews.org/news/up-to-a-third-of-knee-replacements-pack-pain-and-regret/

Individuals reported their outcome from TKR as good despite the continued experience of pain and immobility

Gillian Woolhead, Woolhead, G., J L Donovan, Donovan, J. L., Paul Dieppe, & Dieppe, P. (2005). Outcomes of total knee replacement: A qualitative study. Rheumatology, 44(8), 1032–1037.

https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keh674

persistent postsurgical pain is common after joint replacement

Vikki Wylde, Wylde, V., Sarah Hewlett, Hewlett, S., Ian D. Learmonth, Learmonth, I. D., Paul Dieppe, & Dieppe, P. (2011). Persistent pain after joint replacement: Prevalence, sensory qualities, and postoperative determinants. Pain, 152(3), 566–572.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.11.023

Patient quality of life during the 12 months following joint replacement surgery

Fitzgerald, J. D., Orav, E. J., Lee, T. H., Marcantonio, E. R., Poss, R., Goldman, L., & Mangione, C. M. (2004). Patient quality of life during the 12 months following joint replacement surgery. Arthritis Care & Research, 51(1), 100–109.

https://doi.org/10.1002/art.20090

Joint Replacement Complications

10 years revision rate of 10% for Total Knee Replacement and 7% for total Hip replacement

Victor M. Goldberg, Goldberg, V. M., Joseph A. Buckwalter, Buckwalter, J. A., Michael Halpin, Halpin, M., William A. Jiranek, Jiranek, W. A., William M. Mihalko, Mihalko, W. M., Michael S. Pinzur, Pinzur, M., B. Rohan, Rohan, B., Thomas P. Vail, Vail, T. P., Peter S. Walker, Walker, P., Russell E. Windsor, … Wright, T. M. (2011). Recommendations of the OARSI FDA Osteoarthritis Devices Working Group. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 19(5), 509–514.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2011.02.017

Replacement Revision lead to a significantly greater likelihood of subsequent rerevisions

Kevin Ong, Ong, K. L., Edmund Lau, Lau, E., Jeremy F. Suggs, Suggs, J., Steven M. Kurtz, Kurtz, S. M., Michael Manley, & Manley, M. T. (2010). Risk of Subsequent Revision after Primary and Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 468(11), 3070–3076.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-010-1399-0

S. Mehdi Jafari, Jafari, S. M., Catelyn Coyle, Coyle, C., Mortazavi, S. M. J., Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi, Mortazavi, S. J., Peter F. Sharkey, Sharkey, P. F., Javad Parvızı, & Parvizi, J. (2010). Revision Hip Arthroplasty: Infection is the Most Common Cause of Failure. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 468(8), 2046–2051.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-010-1251-6

Obese patients have a higher risk of complications following primary total knee arthroplasty

Chad D. Watts, Watts, C. D., Eric R. Wagner, Wagner, E. R., Matthew T. Houdek, Houdek, M. T., Douglas R. Osmon, Osmon, D. R., Arlen D. Hanssen, Hanssen, A. D., David G. Lewallen, Lewallen, D. G., Tad M. Mabry, & Mabry, T. M. (2014). Morbid obesity: A significant risk factor for failure of two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty for infection. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, American Volume, 96(18), 326–332.

https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.m.01289

Difficulties with Recovery from Joint Replacement

Limitations to mobility and impact on Recovery

Thorlund, J. B., Juhl, C. B., Roos, E. M., & Lohmander, L. S. (2015). Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee: Systematic review and meta-analysis of benefits and harms. BMJ, 350, h2747.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h2747

Issues Joint Replacement Patient Selection

Pain, function, and radiographic severity are not associated with a surgeon’s recommendation for knee replacement.

Gossec, L., Paternotte, S., Maillefert, J. F., Combescure, C., Conaghan, P. G., Davis, A. M., Gunther, K.-P., Hawker, G., Hochberg, M., Katz, J. N., Kloppenburg, M., Lim, K., Lohmander, L. S., Mahomed, N. N., March, L., Pavelka, K., Punzi, L., Roos, E. M., Sanchez-Riera, L., … OARSI-OMERACT Task Force “total articular replacement as outcome measure in OA.” (2011). The role of pain and functional impairment in the decision to recommend total joint replacement in hip and knee osteoarthritis: An international cross-sectional study of 1909 patients. Report of the OARSI-OMERACT Task Force on total joint replacement. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 19(2), 147–154.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2010.10.025

The discordance between clinical and radiographic knee osteoarthritis

John Bedson, Bedson, J., Peter Croft, & Croft, P. (2008). The discordance between clinical and radiographic knee osteoarthritis: A systematic search and summary of the literature. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9(1), 116–116.

https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-9-116

poor correlation between radiographic score, function, pain or muscle power

Karen Barker, Barker, K., Sarah E Lamb, Lamb, S. E., Francine Toye, Toye, F., Sarah Jackson, Jackson, S., Sharon Barrington, & Barrington, S. (2004). Association between radiographic joint space narrowing, function, pain and muscle power in severe osteoarthritis of the knee. Clinical Rehabilitation, 18(7), 793–800.

https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215504cr754oa

Prevelance of Bone Spurs and Labrum Tears in Asymptomatic Patients

Schwartzberg, R., Reuss, B., Burkhart, B., Butterfield, M., Wu, J., & McLean, K. (2016). High prevalence of superior labral tears diagnosed by mri in middle-aged patients with asymptomatic shoulders. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(1), 232596711562321.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967115623212

Register, B., Pennock, A., Ho, C., Strickland, C., Lawand, A., & Philippon, M. (2012). Prevalence of abnormal hip findings in asymptomatic participants. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(12), 2720-2724.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546512462124

Arthroscopy

Arthroscopy is no better than Sham Surgery for Degenerative Osteoarthritis

Sihvonen, R., Paavola, M., Malmivaara, A., Itälä, A., Joukainen, A., Nurmi, H., Kalske, J., & Järvinen, T. L. N. (2013). Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy versus Sham Surgery for a Degenerative Meniscal Tear. New England Journal of Medicine, 369(26), 2515–2524.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1305189

Meta-analysis does not support the practise of arthroscopic surgery for middle aged or older patients with knee pain with or without signs of osteoarthritis.

Thorlund, J. B., Juhl, C. B., Roos, E. M., & Lohmander, L. S. (2015). Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee: Systematic review and meta-analysis of benefits and harms. BMJ, 350, h2747.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h2747

Arthroscopic knee meniscectomy surgery is associated with a three fold increase in the risk for future knee replacement surgery for patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Rongen, J. J., Rovers, M. M., van Tienen, T. G., Buma, P., & Hannink, G. (2017). Increased risk for knee replacement surgery after arthroscopic surgery for degenerative meniscal tears: A multi-center longitudinal observational study using data from the osteoarthritis initiative. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 25(1), 23–29.
Rongen, J. J., Rovers, M. M., van Tienen, T. G., Buma, P., & Hannink, G. (2017). Increased risk for knee replacement surgery after arthroscopic surgery for degenerative meniscal tears: A multi-center longitudinal observational study using data from the osteoarthritis initiative. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 25(1), 23–29.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.013

Limitations of Cortisone Shots Treatment

Intra-articular triamcinolone resulted in significantly greater cartilage volume loss than did saline

Timothy E. McAlindon, McAlindon, T. E., Michael P. LaValley, LaValley, M. P., William F. Harvey, Harvey, W. F., Lori Lyn Price, Price, L. L., Jeffrey B. Driban, Driban, J. B., Ming Zhang, Zhang, M., Robert James Ward, Ward, R., Robert J. Ward, & Ward, R. J. (2017). Effect of Intra-articular Triamcinolone vs Saline on Knee Cartilage Volume and Pain in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 317(19), 1967–1975.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.5283

The pain relief from corticosteroid injection is limited to weeks in duration

Clifford Tate Hepper, Hepper, C., Jason J. Halvorson, Halvorson, J. J., Stephen T. Duncan, Duncan, S. T., Andrew M. Gregory, Gregory, A., AJ Gregory, Warren R. Dunn, Dunn, W. R., Dunn, W. R., Kurt P. Spindler, & Spindler, K. P. (2009). The efficacy and duration of intra-articular corticosteroid injection for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review of level I studies. Journal of The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 17(10), 638–646.

https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200910000-00006